Biography
Dr. Tilman Schulte is a Professor at Palo Alto University and Chair of the Psychology Department and have an active research group (Cognitive Processes and Neurobiological Correlates of Psychiatric Conditions Lab) Palo Alto University).
Dr. Schulte's clinical research program with active data collection focuses on the identification of neuroimaging biomarkers of neurocognitive impairment and motor disturbances in the ART-treated HIV-infected population that is now aging, and who may be vulnerable to developing age-related neurodegeneration. His studies aim at a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that are underlying the heterogeneity of cognitive and functional decline in aging, with and without HIV infection. They compare neuropsychological and motor test performance in aging with HIV infection to healthy aging and aging with Parkinson’s disease, combined with multimodal MRI assessing the underlying brain structure and neural functioning.
His program of research attracts graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, seeking training in studying the use of MRI methods and the analyses of neuropsychological data combined with neuroimaging from adolescent development to adulthood and older age. Dr. Schulte's research utilizes his own lab data as well as large available datasets, e.g., from the multisite adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) consortium and National Consortium on Alcohol & Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) studies, to determine developmental changes in brain, neuropsychological, and emotional development and to track deviations from normal trajectories.
Areas of Expertise
Cognition and Behavior, Neuroscience, Clinical Psychology
Publications
Selective Publications
- Cui, C., Je, G., Wilkins, K. B., Schulte, T., & Bronte-Stewart, H. M. (2025). Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Alleviates the Sequence Effect and Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108062.
- Hickson, R., Hernandez, A., Barbera, E. R., Pozo-Neira, J. L., Totah, N., Edwards, N. L., Müller-Oehring, E. M., & Schulte, T. (2025). Associations between resting state functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks and symptoms of social anxiety in early adolescence. Journal of Affective Disorders.
- Savettiere, A., Lam, J., Hong-Hoang Nguyen, M., Schulte, T., Hirst, R., & Fairchild, J. K. (2025). Identifying neuroplasticity-related biomarkers linked with processing speed following water- and land-based aerobic exercise in older adults with MCI. Alzheimer Disease & Associated disorders. 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000688. Advance online publication. https://doi-org.laneproxy.stanford.edu/10.1097/WAD.0000000000000688
- Morgan, E., Savettiere, A., Lam, J., Gomez, R., Schulte, T., & Fairchild, J. K. (2025). Inflammation impacts the relationship between gait speed and cognitive function in caregivers. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2025.2507846. Online ahead of print. PMID: 40459727
- Hickson, R., Hebron, L., Muller-Oehring, E. M., Cheu, A., Hernandez, A., Kiss, O., Gombert-Labedens, M., Baker, F. C., & Schulte, T. (2024). Resting-state fMRI activation is associated with parent-reported phenotypic features of autism in early adolescence. Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry, 3, 1481957.
- Lorkiewicz, S. A., Müller-Oehring, E. M., Baker, F. C., Elkins, B. V., & Schulte, T. (2024). A longitudinal study of the relationship between alcohol-related blackouts and attenuated structural brain development. Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 69, 101448.
- Fama, R., Müller-Oehring, E. M., Levine, T. F., Sullivan, E. V., Sassoon, S. A., Asok, P., Brontë-Stewart, H. M., Poston, K. L., Pohl, K. M., Pfefferbaum, A., & Schulte, T. (2023). Episodic memory deficit in HIV infection: common phenotype with Parkinson's disease, different neural substrates. Brain structure & function, 228(3-4), 845–858.
- Müller-Oehring, E. M., Schulte, T., Pfefferbaum, A., & Sullivan, E.V. (2022). Disruption of cerebellar-cortical functional connectivity predicts balance instability in alcohol use disorder. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 235, 109435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109435
- Lorkiewicz, S. A., Baker, F. C., Müller-Oehring, E. M., Haas, A., Wickham, R., Sassoon, S.A., Clark, D.B., Nooner, K. B., Tapert, S. F., Brown, S. A., & Schulte, T. (2022). A Longitudinal Examination of Alcohol-Related Blackouts as a Predictor of Changes in Learning, Memory, and Executive Function in Adolescents. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 866051. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.866051
- Müller-Oehring, E. M., Hong, J. Y., Poston, K. L., Brontë-Stewart, H. M., Sullivan, E. V., McGlynn, L., & Schulte, T. (2022). Neurofunctional characteristics of executive control in older people with HIV infection: a comparison with Parkinson's disease. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 16, 1776–1793. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-022-00645-6
- Harper, N., Delgadillo, M., Erickson, A., Boese, A., Schulte, T., & Fairchild, J. K. (2022). Mindfulness attenuates the impact of worry on late-life cognitive functioning. Aging and Mental Health, 27(2), 399 – 407. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2021.2017851.
- Lannoy, S., Pfefferbaum, A., Le Berre, A.P., Thompson, W.K., Brumback, T., Schulte, T., Pohl, K.M., De Bellis, M.D., Noonan, K., Baker, F.C., Prouty, D., Colrain, I.M., Nagel, B.J., Brown, S.A., Clark, D.B., Tapert, S.F., Sullivan, E.V., & Müller-Oehring, E.M. (2022). Growth trajectories of cognitive and motor control in adolescence: How much is development and how much is practice? Neuropsychology. 36:44-54. doi: 10.1037/neu0000771.
- Patel, S. S., Müller-Oehring, E. M., DeVaughn, S., Fama, R., Brontë-Stewart, H. M., Poston, K. L., & Schulte, T. (2021). The effects of mood and cognition on daily functioning and quality of life in older people living with HIV and people with Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychology, 35(7), 691–705.
- Yuksel, D., de Zambotti, M., Sugarbaker, D., Schulte, T., Colrain, I.M., & Baker, F.C. (2021). Physiological responses to acute psychosocial stress in women with menopausal insomnia. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 164, 87-94.
- Müller-Oehring, E.M., Fama, R., Hendershott, T., Hardcastle, C., Goodcase R., Martin, T., Prabhakar, V., Brontë-Stewart, H.M., Poston, K.L., Sullivan E.V., & Schulte T. (2020). Cognitive and Motor Deficits in Older Adults with HIV Infection: Comparison with Normal Aging and Parkinson’s Disease. Journal of Neuropsychology Oct 8. (doi: 10.1111/jnp.12227).
- Prabhakar, V., Martin, T., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Goodcase, R., Schulte, T., Poston, K.L., & Brontë-Stewart, H.M. (2020). Quantitative Digitography Measures Fine Motor Disturbances in Chronically Treated HIV Similar to Parkinson disease. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. Oct 7 (https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2020.539598).
- Nelson, D., Schulte, T., Packman, W., & Bunge, E.L. (2020). Sexting and mandatory reporting: Ethical issues in youth psychotherapy. Ethics & Behavior. 205-214 (https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2020.1835482).
- Müller-Oehring, E.M., Hong, J.Y., Hughes, R., Kwon, D., Brontë-Stewart, H.M., Poston, K.L., & Schulte, T. (2020). Alterations of brain signal oscillations in older individuals with HIV infection and Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology. (doi: 10.1007/s11481-020-09914-x).
- Müller-Oehring, E.M., Le Berre, A.P., Sullivan, E.V., Serventi, M., Kalon, E., Haas, A., Padulla, C., Pfefferbaum, A., & Schulte, T. (2019). Brain activation to cannabis- and alcohol-related words in alcohol use disorder. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. Volume 294. (doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns. 2019.111005).
- Hong, J.Y., Gallanter, E., Müller-Oehring, E.M., & Schulte, T. (2019) Phases of Procedural Learning and Memory: Characterization with Perceptual-Motor Sequence Tasks. Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 31: 543-558. (doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2019.1642897).
- Sundaram, S., Hughes, R.L., Peterson, E., Muller-Oehring, E.M., Brontë-Stewart H.M., Poston, K.L., Faerman, A., Bhowmick, C., & Schulte, T. (2019). Establishing a framework for neuropathological correlates and glymphatic system functioning in Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (pii: S0149-7634(19)30028-4). (doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.016).
- Schulte, T., Hong, J.Y., Sullivan, E.V., Pfefferbaum, A., Baker, F.C., Chu, W., Prouty, D., Kwon, D., Meloy, M.J., Brumback, T., Tapert, S.F., Colrain, I.M., & Müller-Oehring, E.M. (2019). Effects of age, sex, and puberty on neural efficiency of cognitive and motor control in adolescents. Brain Imaging Behavior. (doi: 10.1007/s11682-019-00075-x).
- Sundaram, S., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Fama, R., Poston, K.L., Brontë-Stewart, H.M., Goodcase, R., Martin, T., Prabhakar, V., Karpf, J., & Schulte, T. (2019). Information Processing Deficit in Older Adults with HIV Infection: A Comparison with Parkinson's Disease. Neuropsychology. 33: 157-168. (doi: 10.1037/neu0000500).
- Hemachandra, D., Peterson. E.T., Zheng, K., Mormino, B., Schulte, T., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Poston. K.L., (2026). Generative AI for Synthesizing Amyloid and Tau PET from Multi-Parameter IVIM Diffusion MRI. Organization of Human Brain Mapping (OHBM), June 14 - June 18, Bordeaux, France.
- Hemachandra, D., Peterson. E.T., Zheng, K., Younes, K., Mormino, B., Schulte, T., Poston. K.L., Müller-Oehring, E.M. (2026). Clearing the Way: Sleep-Perfusion Interactions in Brain Waste Removal. Organization of Human Brain Mapping (OHBM), June 14 - June 18, Bordeaux, France.
- Shariff, D., Arra, N., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Lorkievicz, S., Baker, F.C., Poston, K.L., Schulte, T., Winer, J. (2026). The Role of Sleep in Mood Dysregulation in Aging and Clinical Populations: An EMA and Sleep Wearable Study. SLEEP, June 14 – 17, Baltimore, MD.
- Arra, N., Shariff, D., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Baker, F.C., Schulte, T., Poston, K.L., Winer, J. (2026). Do Wearables Agree? Concordance of Commercial and Research-Grade Sleep Measures in Older Adults across Healthy and Clinical Cohorts. SLEEP, June 14 – 17, Baltimore, MD.
- Calderon, M., Hickson, R., Griffith, J., Jamieson, L., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Schulte, T. (2026). Longitudinal Analysis of the Neural Correlates of Working Memory and Interference Control during Adolescence: Bayesian Mixed Effects Modeling Approach. Western Psychological Assocoiation (WPA), April 30 – May 3, Tacoma, WA.
- Hickson, R., Totah, N., Müller-Oehring, E. M., & Schulte, T. (2025, November 5-8). Longitudinal peer-based perceived discrimination and adolescent impulsivity [Oral Presentation]. National Academy of Neuropsychology Annual Conference, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
- Hickson, R., Hernandez, A., Barbera, E., Edwards, N., Totah, N., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Schulte, T. (2025). Resting State Functional Connectivity of Large-Scale Brain Networks is Associated with Symptoms of Social Anxiety in Early Adolescence. The 48th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (JNS), July 24 – 17, Niigata, Japan.
- Totah, N., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Midani, M., Hickson, R., Schulte, T. (2025). Perceived Discrimination Impacts Functional Connectivity between Default Mode and Salience Networks in Adolescents. American Psychological Association Annual Meeting (APA), August 7-9, Denver, CO. (accepted)
- Calderon, M., Müller-Oehring E.M., Fama, R., Schulte, T. (2025). Sex differences in visuospatial function in older people living with HIV infection. American Psychological Association Annual Meeting (APA), August 7-9, Denver, CO. (accepted).
- Hemachandra, D., Younes, K., Peterson. E.T., Rosen, H.J., Cobbigo, Y., Young, C., Smith, A., Zheng, K., Schulte, T., Poston. K.L., Müller-Oehring, E.M. (2025). Enlarged perivascular spaces linked to disease duration and motor severity in Parkinson’s disease. Submitted to the Organization of Human Brain Mapping (OHBM), Brisbane, Australia June 24 – 28 (accepted).
- Hemachandra, D., Peterson. E.T., Younes, K., Lorkiewicz, S., Zheng, K., Winer, J., Mormino, B., Schulte, T., Muller-Oehring, E.M., Poston. K.L. (2025). A Noninvasive Approach to Measure Dysfunction in the Brain Waste Clearance System. Submitted to the Organization of Human Brain Mapping (OHBM), Brisbane, Australia June 24 – 28 (accepted).
- Morgan, E., Savettiere, A., Fairchild, J.K., Gomez, R., Schulte, T. (2025). Inflammation Impacts the Relationship Between Gait Speed and Executive Function in Caregivers [Symposium]. International Neuropsychological Society, New Orleans, LA, United States.
- Patel, R., Hernandez, A., Hickson, R., Edwards, N., Müller-Oehring, E.M., Kiss, O., & Schulte, T. (2025). Menstrual Pain and Emotion Regulation Influences Mental Health in Early Adolescence. [Poster Presentation]. International Neuropsychological Society, New Orleans, LA, United States.
- Hickson, R., Hernandez, A., Cheu, A., Griffith, J., Edwards, N., Müller-Oehring, E. M., & Schulte, T. (2025, February 12-15). Functional connectivity between the default mode network and left amygdala serves as a longitudinal predictor of social anxiety disorder development in adolescence [Paper Presentation]. International Neuropsychological Society, New Orleans, LA, United States.
- Hernandez, A., Muller-Oehring, E. M., Hickson, R., Cheu, A., & Schulte, T. (2025, February 12-15). Bilingualism and cultural experiences impact executive function development during adolescence [Poster Presentation]. International Neuropsychological Society, New Orleans, LA, United States.
- Edwards, N.L., Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring, E. M., Patel, R., & Schulte, T. (2025 February 12-15). Chronobiological Implications for Adolescent Impulsivity Development Using a Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach. International Neuropsychological Society Conference, New Orleans, LA, United States.
- Totah, N., Nwabuzoh, C., Muller-Oehring, E., & Schulte, T. (2025, February 12-15). Experiencing Ethnic Discrimination Affects Cognitive Performance in BIPOC Youth [Poster Session]. The International Neuropsychology Society, New Orleans, LA, United States.
- Patel, R., Edwards, N., Totah, N., Cheu, A., Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring, E., Gombert-Labedens, M., Baker, F., Kiss, O., Schulte, T. (2024). A - 50 Menstruation Problems and Sleep Interactions: Implications for the Mental Health of Adolescent Females. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, acae067.064. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acae067.064.
- Harris E., Schulte T., Yalch M., Borsari B., Delacruz J., Herbst E. (2024, June). Relations between motivation to quit cigarette smoking and treatment outcomes among young US Veterans with PTSD. College on Problems of Drug Dependence, 2024 Annual Meeting.
- Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring E.M., Totah, N., Hernandez, A., Cheu, A., Calderon, M., Schulte, T. (2024). Is resting state activation in the salience network related to social anxiety? Society for Neuroscience (SfN) annual meeting, October 5-9, Chicago, IL.
- Hemachandra, D., Younes, K., Peterson. E.T., Winer, J., Cobbigo, Y., Rosen, H.J., Young, C., Schulte, T., Poston. K.L., Müller-Oehring, E.M. (2024). MRI visible perivascular spaces are associated with disease duration and severity in Parkinson’s disease. International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders (MDS), September 27- October 1, Philadelphia, PA.
- Müller-Oehring, E.M., Hemachandra, D., Younes, K., Peterson. E.T., Winer, J., Cobbigo, Y., Rosen, H.J., Young, C., Brontë-Stewart, H.B., McGlynn, L., Poston. K.L., Schulte, T. (2024). The role of MRI-visible perivascular spaces for cognitive dysfunction in aging with neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. 149th Annual Meeting of the American Neurological Association (ANA), September 14-17, Orlando, FL.
- Edwards, N., Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring E.M., Barbera, E.R., Patel, R., Schulte, T. (2024). Understanding Adolescent Executive Functioning: How Parenting Strategies Impact Attention. American Psychological Association Annual Meeting (APA), October 8-10, Seattle, WA.
- Griffith, J., Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring E.M., Schulte, T. (2024). The Role of Sex, Race/Ethnicity, Discrimination, and Parental Influence on Behavioral Inhibition and Approach Strategies in Adolescents. American Psychological Association Annual Meeting (APA), October 8-10, Seattle, WA.
- Cheu, A., Hickson, R., Hernandez, A., Patel, R., Müller-Oehring E.M., Schulte, T. (2024). Effects of Mature Media on Adolescent Emotional Regulation Strategies. American Psychological Association Annual Meeting (APA), October 8-10, Seattle, WA.
- Müller-Oehring E.M., Fama R., Levine T.F., Poston K.L., Sullivan E.V., Sassoon S.A., Brontë-Stewart H.M., Pohl K.M., Pfefferbaum A., and Schulte T. (2024). Executive Deficits and Temporo-Striatal Correlates in Older Adults Living with HIV: Comparison to Parkinson’s Disease and Normal Aging. Fifty-Second Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society (INS), February 14-17, NYC, NY.
- Hickson, R., Kiss, O., Gombert, M., Cheu, A., Patel, R., Calderon, M., Hernandez, A., Griffith, J., Edwards, N., Baker, F.C., Rubin, M., Schulte, T., and Müller-Oehring, E.M. (2024). Resting state neurofunctional activation in theory of mind network regions is associated with symptoms of autism in youth [Poster presentation]. Fifty-Second Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society (INS), February 14-17, NYC, NY
- Hernandez, A., Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring, E.M., and Schulte, T. (2024). Emotion Regulation Strategy Utilization Among Highly Acculturated Bilingual Adolescents [Poster presentation]. Fifty-Second Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society (INS), February 14-17, NYC, NY
- Griffith, J., Hickson, R., Hernandez, A., Müller-Oehring, E.M., and Schulte, T. (2024). Cultural Identity and Discrimination Effects on Emotional Regulation Strategies in Adolescents [Poster presentation]. Fifty-Second Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society (INS), February 14-17, NYC, NY
- Edwards, N., Hickson, R., Müller-Oehring, E.M., and Schulte, T. (2024). Parental Executive Functioning Abilities and Their Impact on Adolescent Impulse Regulation [Poster presentation]. Fifty-Second Annual Meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society (INS), February 14-17, NYC, NY
- Müller-Oehring, E.M., Fama, R., Levine, T.F., Poston, K.L., Sullivan, E.V., Sassoon, S.A., Brontë-Stewart, H.M., Pohl, K.M., Pfefferbaum, A., Schulte, T. (2024, February 14-17). Executive Function and Information Processing Speed Deficits Relate to Temporal Cortical Volumes in Older Adults Living with HIV: Comparison to Parkinson’s Disease and Normal Aging [Poster presentation]. International Neuropsychological Society, New York City, NY, United States.